Patients with diabetes are more likely to get certain cancers. However, little research has been done to determine whether diabetes may raise the risk of thyroid cancer. This paper examines and summarises the current research on the association between thyroid cancer and diabetes mellitus as well as potential underlying mechanisms. Epidemiologic research revealed significant or insignificant increases in the risk of thyroid cancer in diabetic women and no change in the risk of thyroid cancer in diabetic males. The summary hazard ratio (95% confidence range) for women was 1.19 (0.84-1.69) and for men was 0.96 (0.65-1.42), according to a recent pooled analysis that included 5 prospective studies from the USA. As a result, the findings are debatable and the link between diabetes and thyroid cancer is probably tenuous. To prove their connection, more research is required. Elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone, insulin, glucose and triglycerides, insulin resistance, obesity, vitamin D insufficiency, and anti-diabetic drugs like insulin or sulfonylureas are some of the proposed explanations for such a potential relationship between thyroid cancer and diabetes.
