The goal of this study was to compare systemic inflammation between older women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and that between older women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), as well as to examine the impact of weight loss (WL) brought on by diet and exercise training on systemic inflammation and adipokine levels in these women. This was a long-term clinical study of overweight or obese women (BMI: 32 kg/m2) aged 59 years and older who had a history of GDM and either normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or IGT/T2DM (). Women received VO2max, body composition, blood sampling, glucose tolerance testing, and 2-hour hyperinsulinemia-euglycemic clamps (40 mU m2 min) after completing 6 months of weight loss brought on by diet and activity. In the NGT group, glucose utilisation (M) was 42% greater. In comparison to the NGT group, CRP was twice as high in the IGT/T2DM group. In comparison to the IGT/ T2DM group, the NGT group's adiponectin levels were 59% higher. The NGT group had a greater level of IL-6sR. Body weight, body fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous abdominal fat were all reduced in the women. Following the intervention, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glucose, and insulin AUC all decreased. M went up by 21%. In contrast to TNF, IL-6, SAA, and adiponectin, CRP (16%) and TNFR1 (6%) tended to decline in the group. In conclusion, despite having a similar BMI and degree of total and abdominal obesity to older women with a history of GDM who have developed IGT or T2DM, older women with these conditions have greater CRP and lower levels of adiponectin. Without significantly changing inflammatory markers or adiponectin levels over the course of six months, WL brought on by diet and activity improves body composition and raises insulin sensitivity.
