Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are both physiological conditions known as insulin resistance (IR), which is characterised by elevated blood insulin and glucose levels. In an animal model, inulin-type carbohydrate (ITC), a form of fermentable fructan, can lower blood sugar and improve insulin resistance, however there is debate over its potential benefits in human clinical studies. In order to assess the effectiveness of ITC supplementation in reducing IR in T2DM and obese patients, the authors carried out a comprehensive literature analysis. This involved supplementation with ITC in reducing IR in T2DM and obese patients. Studies using the meta-analysis of the following variables for T2DM patients were included: body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FI), HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment IR (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). The main outcomes were determined to be HOMA-IR and QUICKI. A thorough analysis was done to determine how ITC affected IR in obese persons.
25 researches were found in the database that satisfied the criteria for inclusion; 11 of these studies underwent meta-analysis, and an additional 5 articles on type 2 diabetes and 9 articles on simple obesity underwent a thorough evaluation. According to our findings, ITC supplementation did not result in a post-intervention BMI reduction. However, the postintervention and reduction statistics of FPG, FI, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR can be greatly reduced. By performing a subgroup analysis based on baseline BMI, heterogeneity was removed. In terms of QUICKI improvement, there was no discernible difference between the ITC and control groups. After subgroup analysis based on ITC intakes, the difference was statistically significant and the heterogeneity was removed, the findings of blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c were found to be debatable in 14 studies for a systematic review. Seven studies on simple obesity were examined, and only one found that ITC intervention significantly improved HOMA-IR; the other six did not.
Type 2 Diabetes; Obesity; Carbohydrates; Insulin Resistance; Plasma glucose; Diabetes mellitus.
