Review Article
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): Biological Overview from Pathways to Organelles and its Translation toward a Torpid Wound Healing Process
Author(s): Jorge Berlanga-Acosta, Pedro López-Saura, Isabel Guillen-Pérez, Gerardo Guillen-Nieto, Boris Acevedo-Castro and Luis Herrera-MartínezJorge Berlanga-Acosta, Pedro López-Saura, Isabel Guillen-Pérez, Gerardo Guillen-Nieto, Boris Acevedo-Castro and Luis Herrera-Martínez
T2DM is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Hyperglycemia may simply represent the tip of a broad series of molecular events from mitochondrial damages, to epigenetic and metabolic pathways deregulations. At the same time, hyperglycemia appears as the most proximal trigger for the onset and perpetual progression of multi-organ complications even under normoglycemic conditions. Thus, the initial hyperglycemic hit translates into a permanently harmful cellular imprinting as has been demonstrated in diabetic donors’ cells after several passages and cultured in ideal conditions. The wound healing failure along with the inability of the innate immunity to control peripheral infections is the hybrid that determines that 85% of all non-traumatic lower extremity .. View More»
